Treatment of skin aging and photoaging. Retinol is the only active ingredient that acts on collagen at 3 levels: repairs (the damage over time has led to the fibers) + stimulation (of new collagen fibers) + protection (to inhibit collagenase). It also regulates melanocyte activity altered by reducing blotchy skin and stimulates proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes (exfoliating). Nicotinamide reduces the transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes (depigmenting), stimulates the production of new collagen, protects the skin from free radical activity, it regulates the synthesis of ceramides (hydrating) and prevents inflammation of the skin .